Resources
Author: CSU San Bernardino Center for the Study of Hate and Extremism (CSHE)
Year: 2020-2022
Method: Curation of data from government agencies (CSU San Bernardino’s Center for the Study of Hate and Extremism sample of 15 major U.S. cities, Los Angeles Police Department, US Census, FBI Uniform Crime Reporting), community reporting tools (Stop AAPI Hate), and other organizations (Asian American Bar Association of New York, Brookings Institution)
Population: All race categories, national and selected states
Summary of findings: Overall, hate crimes across the U.S. increased through 2022, with almost a 5% rise in hate crimes in the first half of 2022. Black, Jewish, LGBTQ, and Latino individuals were the most frequent targets of hate crimes. CSHE subsets of 2021 hate crime data from higher reporting larger U.S. cities revealed a wide range of increases: a 224% rise in anti-Asian crimes to a new record total of 369, a 59% rise in anti-Jewish crimes, a 51% in anti-LGBTQ crimes, a 41% in anti-Latino crimes, a 30% in anti-white crimes, and a 16% rise in anti-Black crimes. Separately, Stop AAPI Hate found 10,901 “hate incidents,” from March 2020 to December 31, 2021, 16% of which were criminal assaults, with 58% of the total occurring in 2021. Stop AAPI Hate reported 2020 assaults that were greater than all the anti-Asian hate crimes of any kind that were reported to the FBI in 2020 – revealing low reporting of even serious anti-Asian hate crimes. Though anti-Asian crimes receded off of 2021 highs, they remain at historically elevated levels. In 2020, CSHE found that it had the highest months of anti-Black and anti-Asian FBI-reported hate crimes since 1991.